On April 26, Brazil will reactivate again on the agenda of the World Trade Organization, the complaint against Costa Rica for the imposition of a safeguard to increase the tariff on sugar.
Based on the willingness of Costa Rican authorities to raise the tariff on imported sugar from 45% to 73%, Brazil decided to raise the entry taxes on four animal products from Costa Rica.
Months ago, the private sector has been warning of the possibility that the country's trading partners would apply reciprocal measures because of Costa Rica's unilateral decision to raise entry taxes on importedsugar.
Following what began as a blockade by Panama on the entry of animal products from Costa Rica, a formal proposal has been made to apply an import tariff to Costa Rican dairy products marketed in the Panamanian market.
In July of this year, Panama informed the National Animal Health Service (SENASA), an agency of the Costa Rican Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MAG), of the decision not to extend the export authorization to a list of Costa Rican establishments previously authorized and that have been trading in the Panamanian market for many years.
After the Costa Rican authorities raised the tariff on imported sugar from 45% to 73%, the South American country decided to raise before the World Trade Organization, a process to exercise the right of suspension.
In June of this year, the Alvarado administration decided to increase to 79% and for the term of three years, the tariff on sugar entering the country. This increase was based on the argument that the unusual growth of imports was harming local production.
In Costa Rica, the Chamber of Commerce opposes the agreement signed between the rice sector and the government, which maintains the fixing of the price and the 35% tariff on grain imports.
The decision was made on August 23rd in the framework of the meeting in which the National Production Council (CNP), the National Rice Corporation (CONARROZ) and the Ministries of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC) and Agriculture and Livestock (MAG) participated.
Following an appeal filed by the importing company La Maquila Lama with the Costa Rican authorities, the government decided to reduce the additional tax on sugar purchased abroad from 34.27% to 27.68%.
With the reduction decreed by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC), a decision that was published on August 18 in The Gazette, the total tax applied to imported sugar will be 72.68% (45% original plus 27.68% of the safeguard), which is slightly less than the 79.27% (45% original plus 34.27%), which was in force until before the enacted amendment.
Arguing that the unusual growth in sugar imports is harming local production, the Alvarado administration decided to raise the tariff on products entering Costa Rica from 45% to 73% for a three-year period.
The Ministry of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC) concluded the investigation requested by the Agricultural Industrial League of Sugar Cane (LAICA) and 4 mills, on the safeguard measure against imports of solid state, granulated sugar, known as white sugar, used for domestic and industrial consumption, justifying a deterioration in the main economic indicators of the National Production Branch (RPN), details an official statement dated June 15.
In response to the authorities' consultation on the request for a safeguard measure on the import of steel products, the builders are opposed on the grounds that this would make materials more expensive, in addition to making their production inefficient.
In Costa Rica, sugar producers are asking the government to raise tariffs or entry taxes on imports, and importers are opposing, as this would raise the final price to the consumer.
In July 2019, the Sugar Cane Industrial Agricultural League (LAICA) asked the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Commerce (MEIC) to launch an investigation with the aim of imposing additional tariffs on imported sugar, arguing that purchases from abroad would damage local production.
With the approval of a decree declaring beef and all its edible offal as sensitive products, importers in the country will not be able to opt for tariff exemptions.
The Cabinet Council approved Cabinet Decree No. 29 dated December 10, 2019, which declares as sensitive products for the national economy all beef, whether fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, smoked, or processed, as well as all edible bovine offal, whether fresh, chilled or frozen, reported the Ministry of Agricultural Development (MIDA).
As of January 2020, electric vehiclesimported into El Salvador and Honduras will be exempt from the import duty, which was 30% in El Salvador until now.
On November 5, a 37.9% tariff was charged on imports of clothing when its declared FOB price is less than or equal to $20, which affects businessmen in the Colon Free Zone in Panama.
Decree No. 1416 of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism of Colombia, dated August 6, 2019 and which has just come into force, states in its Article 1 that "... a tariff of 37.9% on imports of products classified in Chapters 61 and 62 of the National Customs Tariff, when the declared FOB price is less than or equal to US$20 per kilogram gross."
The average tariff applied to imports of agricultural products in Costa Rica is 14.1%, while for imported industrial goods, the levy is 5.6%.
The Trade Policy Review of Costa Rica, prepared by the World Trade Organization (WTO), specifies that sausages and similar products are some of the imports on which the highest tariffs have been imposed.
The South American country decided to impose a tariff of 37.9% on clothing when its declared FOB price is less than or equal to $20, again affecting businessmen in the Colon Free Zone in Panama.
Decree Number 1416 of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism of Colombia, dated August 6, 2019, specifies in its Article 1 that establishes "... a tariff of thirty-seven point nine percent (37.9%) on imports of products classified in chapters 61 and 62 of the National Customs Tariff, when the declared FOB price is less than or equal to 20 United States dollars per gross kilogram."
In Nicaragua, the tax exemption that benefited the import of products such as canned sardines, prepared soups, toilet soap, rubber gloves, among others, was eliminated.
With this change, the products concerned will be applied the Import Tariff Rate (DAI), which is a tax contained in the Central American Import Tariff and is applied to products from countries outside the Central American region, on the value of them, the taxes have variable rates that can range between 5% and 15%.
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