The labor market reports a structural change, as fewer and fewer people are being paid a fixed salary for their work, while at the same time the number of employees earning per project is increasing.
Although the trend has been reported globally for several years, the pandemic accelerated this process, as the economic crisis generated by the Covid-19 outbreak destroyed thousands of formal jobs.
For the moving quarter from November 2020 to January 2021, the unemployment rate in the country decreased to 19%, which is slightly lower than the 20% reported for the period from October to December last year.
For the quarters from the first quarter (January to March 2020) to the last available quarter, the country has experienced a situation in the labor market that has generated significant impacts in the main indicators, as a result of the measures that generate restriction to the labor market and the labor situation caused by the Covid-19 health emergency, informed the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC).
In the current scenario of economic crisis, during the mobile quarter from August to October 2020 the unemployment rate at the national level was 21.9%, a proportion similar to the 22% reported from July to September.
The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) reported that for the August, September and October 2020 moving quarter, the population of 15 years old and older with an incidence of labor due to the effect of Covid-19 was 1.13 million people (28.3%). The incidence of labor in the labor force was estimated at 981,000 people (40.8%). A total of 474,000 employed people (25.2%) have some incidence of the pandemic in the workplace. Of the unemployed, 507,000 people (96.3%) were affected in their search for employment. Finally, the labor incidence caused by the emergency affected about 154 thousand people (9.6%) outside the workforce.
In the current scenario of economic crisis, during the third quarter of the year the unemployment rate nationwide stood at 22%, a proportion that is lower than the 24.4% reported for the mobile quarter from May to July.
According to the report released by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC), 42% of the people who were unemployed during the third quarter of 2020 said that they had less than three months to look for work.
The partial suspension of employment contracts and social security payments are some of the proposals made by employers in Costa Rica to maintain employment levels in the face of the spread of the Covid-19.
Representatives of the Costa Rican Union of Chambers and Associations of the Private Business Sector (UCCAEP), predict that if urgent actions are delayed, unemployment could rise from 12% to 19%.
During the 4th quarter of 2019 the unemployment rate was 5.9%, which is less than the 6.5% registered in the 3rd quarter of last year.
From a report by the Central Bank of the Dominican Republic:
When analyzing the evolution of employment in the last four quarters, it is observed that the average rate of generation of net new employed persons is 123,935, as a result of averaging the year-on-year flows of generation of employed persons for the quarters January-March (153,000), April-June (136,264), July-September (72,761) and October-December 2019 (133,713).
Between the third and fourth quarters of 2019, the open unemployment rate in Costa Rica rose from 11.4% to 12.4%, partly because of the increase in women's unemployment.
In a year-on-year comparison, the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) report states that the national unemployment rate for the fourth quarter of 2019 remains unchanged from the fourth quarter of 2018 at 12.4%.
Between 2018 and 2019, the unemployment rate in the country did not vary significantly, falling by just 0.3% from 2.8% to 2.5%.
Data from the 2019 National Income and Employment Survey (ENEI 1), prepared by the National Statistics Institute (INE), show that at the time of the survey the unemployed population was 179,000, down from 194,000 in the ENEI I of 2018.
From April to June of this year, the unemployment rate stood at 11.9%, higher than the 11.3% reported in the first quarter of 2019.
For the second quarter of 2019, there was a significant increase in the net labor participation rate of 63%, with a 2.1 pp. increase over the same period of the previous year. The national labor force was 2.48 million people, significantly increased by 114 thousand people compared to the second quarter of 2018, this product of an equally significant decrease in the population outside the labor force (60 thousand people), reported the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC).
In 2014, the open unemployment rate in the Dominican Republic was 8.8%, but at the end of last year it fell to 5.8%.
The Encuesta Nacional Continua de Fuerza de Trabajo (ENCFT), conducted by the Central Bank of the Dominican Republic (BCRD), details that between 2014 and 2018 the "SU2", which includes workers who are unemployed and those who are employed but would like to work more hours, went from 16.1% to 10.3%.
Between 2016 and 2017, the Metropolitan Area of San Salvador registered a slight increase in the unemployment rate, rising from 6.8% to 7.5%.
According to the Multiple Purpose Household Survey for 2017, the unemployment rate "...By age ranges, unemployment among young people (16 to 24 years old) is 14.4%, among people aged 25 to 59 it is 5.1%, while for those over 59 it is 5.9%."
The unemployed population with respect to the labor force increased 1.2%, going from 9.1% in the first quarter of 2017, to 10.3% in the first quarter of 2018.
- The employment rate was 51.8%, while in the same period last year it was 54%.
- The unemployment rate increased with respect to the same period last year, in this quarter it was 10.3%, the previous year it was 9.1%.
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