The authorities that will assume the government in 2020 in Guatemala could evaluate options to tax temporarily some sectors, however, there would be a risk that these taxes become permanent.
In this regard, the Ministry of Finance suggests examining the possibility of temporarily taxing telephone lines, fuels or remittances. In addition, the rates of some of the specific taxes that are fixed and outdated are expected to be reviewed.
Maynor Cabrera, consultant for the Fundación Economía para el Desarrollo (Fedes), explained to Elperiodico.com.gt that "... these are approaches that arise from time to time, but that it is appropriate to analyze and discuss the options and their effects on tax collection and economic activity. In the case of suggesting temporary taxes, the experience is that these taxes become permanent, an example is the Solidarity Tax (ISO).”
Cabrera added that "... Regarding the temporary taxation of telephones, an attempt has already been made and it would be more feasible to reach an agreement with the two operators. To increase the tax that is paid on the Distribution of Oil and its derivatives, besides the direct effect that it has for who acquires the fuels an impact is given in the costs of production of the rest of goods and services."
For new temporary taxes to be established, studies must be carried out so that the Congress of the Republic can then authorize their entry into force.
In this scenario of economic crisis, falling tax revenues and the need to finance recovery programs, in Guatemala and Costa Rica it is already proposed to increase current taxes and create new ones.
Guatemalan authorities are already beginning to discuss the fiscal policy they will apply in 2021, when the economy will have to face the effects of the economic crisis generated by the covid-19 outbreak.
After Congress banned electricity distribution companies from disconnecting their services, in Guatemala the payment of energy provided by generators is in danger and the authorities assure that they are not contemplating temporarily financing the costs.
In the context of the health and economic crisis generated by covid-19, the deputies of Congress approved and published Decree 15-2020, which prohibits cuts in water, electricity, cable TV, telephone and Internet services during the state of calamity and its possible extensions.
In an attempt to increase tax revenues, the executive announced that it is now considering taxing the distribution of soft drinks such as juices, isotonics and sodas.
It is expected that in the first week of February analysis will be presented of modifications to the tax on the distribution of beverages and on tobacco and tobacco products, with the aim of obtaining more resources to finance the national budget for this year.
Increased economic activity and tax collection imply that increasing taxes will be counterproductive.
The crisis seems to be over. At its worse, fiscal revenue fell, linked to less consumption, exports and imports. This effect teamed with sustained levels of social expenses, and left the government very short on resources, a problem authorities intend to solve via tax hikes.
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