The increase in the international prices of corn and soybeans, inputs used to produce animal feed, threatens to put upward pressure on the production costs of meat, eggs and dairy products.
In recent months, the international price of a bushel (27 kilos) of soybeans increased by 28%, from $10.6 to $13.62, between November 1, 2020 and January 28, 2021.
In the last five years, pork consumption in Central America increased 42%, from 197,000 tons in 2014 to nearly 279,000 tons in 2019, growth that was boosted by the Salvadoran and Honduran markets.
Figures from the "Pork Market Snapshot" prepared by the Trade Intelligence Unit of CentralAmericaData, detail that in the last two years’ regional consumption of pork registered a 3% increase, since between 2018 and 2019 it is estimated that demand in Central America rose from 270 thousand metric tons to 279 thousand tons.
When the economies of Central America begin to relax the restrictions that have been taken to prevent the spread of covid-19, it is expected that in the area of processed meats, sales of pork ham will be among the most contracted.
Using a demand/income sensitivity model developed by the Trade Intelligence Unit of CentralAmericaData, it is possible to project the variations that household demand for different goods and services will undergo as the most critical phases of the spread of covid-19 are overcome and the measures restricting mobility in the countries of the region are lifted.
Due to the fact that preference for "vegetable" or plant-based meat is growing quickly in major global markets, food industry business groups have begun to make investments to meet this novel and growing market niche.
Foods that were once considered the exclusive consumption of vegans or vegetarians are now becoming popular, and in the case of the United States, in supermarkets it is increasingly normal to see meat products made from plants.
Reports of African Swine Fever in Asia alert countries in the region to strengthen border controls, especially in the management of food waste from airplanes and ships.
The Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA) urged the strengthening of animal health and public and private veterinary services in the member states to prevent the recurrence of African swine fever (ASF) in the region, the institution warned in a statement.
In Honduras, annual per capita consumption is estimated at 11 pounds, but by 2025 producers expect the figure to rise to 18 pounds.
Figures from the National Association of Pig Farmers of Honduras (Anapoh) detail that during 2018 the consumption of pork in the country reached 103 million pounds, of which about 36 million pounds were produced locally, and the remaining volume was imported, mainly from the U.S.
It has been announced that after having met all the requirements, the country has officially obtained recognition as a nation free of Classical Swine Fever.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock reported that "...This recognition gives Costa Rica an official health status, thanks to the fact that the country does not have the disease and the conditions of legislation have been fulfilled which include veterinary services, control and eradication strategy, animal identification system, control of their movements and laboratory diagnosis, among other things."
Entrepreneurs in the sector plan to resume sales to El Salvador and Honduras during the second half of the year, after their restriction in 2011.
In 2011, countries in the region imposed restrictions on the entry of pork from Guatemala, after detecting the presence ofClassical Swine Fever.Now, Guatemalan pork producers are preparing to resume sales in the coming months.
Since January 19, the measure imposed last August by the Honduran government last August, which prevented the entry of pork products and by-products from Guatemala, has been lifted.
After consultation meetings on this matter, Honduras lifted the measure, reestablishing, as of January 19 of this year, the entry of processed meats and sausages into the Honduran market corresponding to tariff items 1601.00.30.00, 1601.00.90.00, 1602.41. 00.00 and 1602.49.90.00.
In the last five years annual per capita consumption of pork in the countries of the region increased from 4.6 kilos in 2012 to 5.3 kilos in 2016, and growth was driven mainly by Panama and Costa Rica.
Between 2012 and 2016 regional pork consumption has maintained an upward trend, growing from 205 thousand tons in 2012 to 249 thousand tons in 2016, which is an increase of 21%.
In 2016 countries in the region exported 41,208 tons of beef to the US, 7% more than in 2015.
Figures from the information system on the Fresh, Refrigerated and Frozen Beef Market in Central America, complied by the Business Intelligence Unit at CentralAmericaData: [GRAFICA caption="Click to interact with the graph"]
In 2016, the countries in the region sold 29 thousand tons of sausages, registering a 6% increase over 2015.
Figures from the information system on the Central American Market for Milk and Dairy Products, compiled by the Business Intelligence Unit at CentralAmericaData: [GRAFICA caption = "Click to interact with the graph"]
From September 6 to 8, companies from the porcine sector of Central America will be gathering together in Panama City to participate in conferences on production, technology and industry trends.
The XIII Central American and Caribbean Congress on Pig farming is being organized by the Central American and Caribbean Federation of Pig farmers, and will take place in the Convention Center of the Hotel El Panama.
The union of pig farmers reported a production of 95 million pounds of pork in 2016, of which 35% was destined for domestic consumption.
Figures from the National Pork Producers Association (Anapoh) indicate that currently annual per capita consumption is 11.24 pounds of pork. The union reported a growth rate between 2015 and 2016 of about 15% in production and consumption of an equal magnitude.
Between January and September 2016, Central American countries together imported $74 million in sausages and similar meat products, at an average price of between $2.37 and $2.85 per kilo.
Figures from a reporton Imports of Processed Meat in Central American, by the Business Intelligence Unit at CentralAmericaData: [Figure caption = "Click to interact with graphics"]