With its entry into force in late November, both the regulator as well as telephone companies predict fierce competition because of attempts to retain and attract customers.
"This law promotes stronger dynamism in the market and gives the user the power to negotiate what suits them. It requires companies to provide more service. It is a climate of true market competition," said Eduardo Castellon spokesman for the Superintendencia de Telecomunicaciones (Sutel).
The country was the only one in Central America which had no law on the subject.
Telephone companies have until next September 30 to do everything that the law requires to start operating a number portability system by October 1.
According to Deputy Thomas Zambrano, the law will benefit more than seven million users who are subscribed to three mobile companies including Tigo, Claro and Hondutel.
When portability was allowed in Panama, some expected an stampede of users unhappy with their providers, but the dynamics have been very different.
This same feeling is held by the telecommunications companies in Costa Rica, who could take the situation in Panama as an example, where changes represent only 1.92% of the number of cell phone customers in the country, estimated at 6, 7 million up to the end of 2012.
The supervisor of telecommunications and major operators have agreed to implement number portability in November 2013.
After arguing that it was technically impossible to implement the necessary equipment until March 2014, "the Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE) agreed to accelerate the purchase of equipment in order to implement number portability, while Movistar and Claro operators relaxed deadlines for developing the system which had been agreed on months ago," noted an article in Elfinancierocr.com.
The Costa Rica state telecom company is moving away from the purpose that justifies its existence and is impeding the exercise of the popular will in terms of the cellular market opening up.
The Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE), after using every piece of legal chicanery imaginable to prevent the implementation of number portability, is now simply saying "I WONT SIGN", citing technical insolvency as its reason for not integrating the system that allows users to migrate from one cellular communication provider to another, while keeping their phone number.
The state telecoms company says it can not adapt its systems to number portability by March 2014.
The ICE has set up every possible legal and administrative resource in order to prevent the entry into operation of number portability, so that it can perpetuate its business advantage (captive customers) in the light of newcomers. Now it is simply reporting that it is technically unprepared to join the system by which mobile phone users can retain their telephone identification when moving from one operator to another.
Without full interconnection and number portability, the state telecommunications company retains a disproportionate advantage, contrary to the equality of conditions expected by private operators.
An editorial published in Nacion.com states that in Costa Rica, the opening of the telecommunications market is still incomplete, and points to the strength of the Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, which until last year had a monopoly on telecommunications, as being responsible of this situation.
The state-owned communications company in Costa Rica has filed 20 law suits in an attempt to stop number portability.
Surveys say that mobile users aren’t currently showing much inclination to switch service providers. New entrants have experienced set backs in providing coverage throughout Costa Rica, due to, among other factors, the difficulties in obtaining the necessary permits from municipalities to install their antennas.
The Superintendency of Telecommunications (Sutel) will be responsible for managing a single database of phone numbers.
This will mean that operators will be relieved of the responsibility for the management of procurement and control of telephone numbers, which will instead be performed by Sutel.
This new arrangement will allow users to keep their telephone number regardless of which operator they hire.